Diminished triad

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In music, a diminished triad ( Play ), also known as the minor flatted fifth (m^?5), is a triad consisting of two minor thirds above the root -- if built on C, a diminished triad would have a C, an E? and a G?. It resembles a minor triad with a lowered (flattened) fifth. It can be represented by the integer notation {0, 3, 6}.

In the common practice period, the diminished triad is considered dissonant, or unstable, because the dissonant diminished fifth symmetrically divides the octave. The lack of tonal centre or stability, possession of a leading-tone, and the dominant function give the chord drive.

Video Diminished triad

Harmonic considerations

A diminished triad occurs in a major scale only on the seventh scale degree; in the key of C, this is a B diminished triad (B, D, F). Since the triad is built on the seventh scale degree, it is also called the leading-tone triad. The leading-tone triad also occurs in the seventh chord built on the fifth degree; in C, this is G dominant seventh (G, B, D, F). For this reason, it has dominant function. Unlike the dominant triad or dominant seventh, the leading-tone triad functions as a prolongational chord rather than a structural chord since the strong root motion by fifth is now absent.

On the other hand, the diminished triad in a minor scale occurs on the second scale degree; in the key of C minor, this is the D diminished triad (D, F, A?). This triad is consequently called the supertonic diminished triad. Like the supertonic triad found in a major key, the supertonic diminished triad has a predominant function, almost always resolving to a dominant functioning chord.

In a twelve-tone equal tempered tuning, a diminished triad has 3 semitones between the third and fifth, 3 between the root and third, and 6 between the root and fifth. It is represented by the integer notation {0, 3, 6}. In 5-limit just intonation the diminished chord on VII (in C: B-D-F) is 15:8, 9:8, and 4:3, while on II (in C: D-F-A?) it is 9:8, 4:3, and 8:5 (135:160:192). According to Georg Andreas Sorge, the trumpet, in its overtone series on C, gives the diminished triad E-G-B? = 5:6:7 ("perfect diminished chord"), but the 7 is too flat and 45:54:64 is preferred. Helmholtz describes the diminished triad as ₁ - D | F, giving a just minor third and Pythagorean minor third (45:54:64) in the notation system used in On the Sensations of Tone as a Physiological Basis for the Theory of Music. Play  Perfect ,  Preferred  (5-limit major), or  5-limit minor  on C.

Cdim or C^o or Cm^?5 denotes a diminished triad, while Cdim⁷ or C^o7 or Cm^6?5 denotes a diminished seventh chord.

The supertonic diminished triad and leading-tone diminished triad are usually found in first inversion (ii^o6 and vii^o6 respectively) since the spelling of the chord forms a diminished fifth with the bass. This differs from the fully diminished seventh chord, which commonly occurs in root position. In both cases resolve the bass up and move the upper voices downwards in contrary motion. The popular music symbol for a diminished triad is a capital letter designating the root (as with a major chord) with MI^(?5) added. For example, BMI^(?5) (see also Chord names and symbols (jazz and pop music)).

Maps Diminished triad

In popular music

"In rock and pop music, the diminished triad nearly always appears on the second scale degree, forming a generally maudlin and dejected ii^o with its members, 2-4-?6." Songs that feature ii^o include Santo & Johnny's Sleep Walk, Jay and the Americans' "Cara Mia", and The Hollies' "The Air That I Breathe". Not so rare but rare enough so as to imply knowledge of and conscious avoidance on the part of rock musicians, examples of its use include Oasis' "Don't Look Back in Anger", David Bowie's "Space Oddity", and two in Daryl Hall's "Everytime You Go Away".

If the song is in a minor key, diminished triads are usually on the sharpened fifth note, ?5-7-2. This is because the ascending melodic minor scale has a sharpened fourth and fifth degree. For example, the chord progression ?v^o, vi is common.

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Diminished chord table

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Diminished Chords for Guitarists

In standard tuning, the left is the low E string. The number is the fret. x means mute the string.

Diminished Chords

Adim: x0121x

Bdim: xxx431

Cdim: xxx542

Ddim: xxx764

Edim: xxx986

Fdim: xx3101

Gdim: 3453xx

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See also

• Half-diminished seventh chord
• Secondary leading-tone chord
• Augmented triad

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Sources

Source of the article : Wikipedia